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15th
World Congress Clinical Nutrition
19th
– 22nd September 2010 El Sokhna Resort - Egypt
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Copyright © 2010.
WCCN2010.COM
All rights reserved |
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Small birthweight with early catch up growth programs visceral adiposity and biomarkers of adult diseases in a Yucatan miniature pig model
R Bertolo, S Myrie, L McKnight, D MacKay, B van Vliet
Dept Biochemistry, Memorial Univ of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada,
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Objectives:
To determine whether low birth
weight leads to catch up growth and
an increased risk for the
development of metabolic syndrome in
a miniature pig model of the early
origins of adult disease phenomenon.
Methods: Runt piglets
(<800g) (n=6) were paired with the
largest same-sex littermate (>1100g)
(n=6) and fed milk replacer up to 31
d-old and then fed standard grower
feed ad libitum 5 h/d. At 9 mo, pigs
were surgically fitted with
catheters for glucose tolerance
(GTT), insulin sensitivity and fat
tolerance tests; a blood pressure
(BP) telemeter was also implanted
for continuous BP measurements. At
necropsy, tissues were removed for
proximate and histological analyses.
Results: Prior to
sexual maturity (<4 mo), runts
showed greater (p<0.05) relative
feed intake and significant catch-up
growth. Abdominal circumference at 4
mo correlated positively with
visceral fat at study end (r=0.76,
p=0.004), suggesting excess visceral
fat in runts as early as 4-mo-old.
By 9 mo, runts had caught up in body
weight and length to their
littermates, but were significantly
more obese. Adult runts had higher
24-h BP (p<0.05), higher fasting
plasma and hepatic triglycerides
(p<0.05), 25% slower postprandial TG
clearance (p<0.05) and 43% fewer
nephrons per kidney (p<0.05). Nephron number correlated
positively with birth weight and
negatively with BP (p<0.05). There
were significant (p<0.05) positive
correlations between visceral fat
and several biomarkers of components
of the metabolic syndrome (ie
abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia,
hypertension, and glucose
intolerance).
Conclusions: In this
miniature pig model, lower birth
weight increased the risk for
development of metabolic syndrome
and this increased risk was
associated with increased abdominal
obesity. These data demonstrate that
the Yucatan miniature pig is a good
model for early programming of
metabolic syndrome, especially
regarding the interrelationship
between visceral fat, insulin
resistance, dyslipidemia and
hypertension. (Supported by CIHR). |
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