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15th
World Congress Clinical Nutrition
19th
– 22nd September 2010 El Sokhna Resort - Egypt
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Copyright © 2010.
WCCN2010.COM
All rights reserved |
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Pediatric Obesity in Syria
Mahmoud Bozo
Ministry of Public Health , Damascus
Hospital , Department of Pediatrics
– Syria
Introduction Obesity (OB) and
overweight (OW) play an important
role in children morbidity world
wide .
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Objectives:
Presenting results of different
studies on prevalence of [OB] and
[OW] in Syria. To assess risk
factors associated with OB & OW.
Management approach with emphasis on
nutritional education strategies and
the future plan .
Design
of the study: Two
localities were selected ; the first
in Damascas and included 1919
children aging 1 – 15 years old
recruited from 33 health centers .
The second study consisted of of
1012 children from Tartous ; a city
located in the East . Obesity was
defined according to WHO criteria
(2000).
Results: The prevalence of obesity
and overweight among children living
in Damascus amounted to 5.5 % and
13.9 % , respectively. Higher
prevalence of OW (15.8%) and of OW
plus OB (21.3 %) were observed among
the girls compared with the
respective figures of 17.2% 11.8 %
found among the boys. The prevalence
of OB was comparable in the 2
genders making up 15.4 % Vs 15.5 %
of the studied population.
Prevalence of OW was lowest (9.8 %)
among children in the age group 1–5
years old and highest (23.0 %) among
children in the age group of 10
years.
OB was 6.1 % , which decreased to 3
% at the age of 15 years in both 2
genders.
Prevalence of OB was 6.1 % and 3 %
in both 2 genders at the age groups
of 10 and 15 years , respectively.
Overweight and obesity made up 14.3
% and 8.3 % ,respectively of the
studied 10 – 12 years old children
from Tartous City . OW was more
prevalent among girls (16.8 % ) than
among boys (11.7% ), but Ob was more
prevalent in boys (11.3 %) than
among girls (5.4% ) (Chi square
test; P<0.05)
Children from the Urban (15.2 %)
tended to be more overweight
compared to those from the Rural
area (13.7 % ) Respective % of
obesity were 9.6 and 7.5% ; but the
difference didn't reach significant
level (Chi-Square test;P>0.05).
Risk factors : Prevalence of OB & OW
amounted to 40 % among children from
high socioeconomic class compared to
a respective figure of 9.4 % for
children attending public schools
coming from moderate and low socio
economic classes.
From the questionnaires, it was
obvious that hours of TV watching
and computer playing was longer
among OB and OW children (5 hours /
day) compared with respective hours
of TV watching among the non OB and
non OW children (3 hours per day)
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From the questionnaires, it was also
evident that 80.8% and 75% of the OB
and OW didn't eat breakfast.
Frequency of consumption of fast
foods among children from private
schools was also higher (3 times per
week) among the OB and OW compared
to respective lower frequency among
the non OB non OW (once a week)
children in private school , whereas
respective frequencies were once and
0 time a week among children from
the public schools .
Frequency of drinking soft drinks
was much higher among the OB and OW
children ( 6 times a week) compared
to respective among the non OB non
OW children from private schools
(once a week). Respective
frequencies were once and 0 time a
week for children from the public
schools .
Nutritional education as a
preventive strategy against OB and
OW
A pilot study was carried out on 42
students , who were given (4
sessions) on nutritional education
to cover knowledge , behaviors and
practices .
Positive and promising results were
obtained regarding knowledge and
behaviors; value of macronutrient
nutrition : fruits and vegetables ;
consumption of fast foods.
Management of Obesity :
the main objective of the program
was a weight stylization . Growth
charts of the center of disease
control CDC were the standard ,
criteria of success , progressive
decrease in BMI values.
The program consisted of five main
educational sessions directed to the
children and the family regarding
optimum meal patterning. Weekly,
monthly and semi annual follow up.
Incentives were given to children.
Checking and encouraging physical
activity.
Blood analysis for lipid profile
Association with tiredness and
laziness,breathing apnea.
Conclusion : This
Syrian studies demonstrate clearly
that OB and OW are present with
large prevalence in both rural and
Urban areas; the risk factors are
similar to the international studies
,but some differences are present
(like the socio economic level
Nutritional education proved to have
a positive impact on controlling the
BMI among school children. Obesity
management demonstrated important
positive results, but the problem of
the skipping from the follow up is
needs additional efforts to resolve
it .
Profound early intestinal adaptive
responses in a new neonatal piglet
model of short bowel syndrome
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