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15th
World Congress Clinical Nutrition
19th
– 22nd September 2010 El Sokhna Resort - Egypt
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Copyright © 2010.
WCCN2010.COM
All rights reserved |
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Nutrient –gene interaction : A novel
role of PPARy Nutrient –gene
interaction : A novel role of PPARy
in metabolic syndrome and fatty
liver
S Cheema & K Chechi
Department of Biochemistry, Memorial
Univ, St. John’s, NL,Canada A1B |
Objective: Metabolic
syndrome, a constellation of
co-morbidities that includes
visceral obesity, hypertension,
glucose intolerance, and
dyslipidemia, is a highly
predisposing condition for
cardiovascular disease. Flax seed
oil is a rich source of omega-3
fatty acids, which are known to have
beneficial health effects. We
investigated whether flaxseed oil
feeding has beneficial effects on
the outcome of metabolic syndrome
and the potential molecular
mechanisms involved.
Methods: The SHR/NDmcr-cp
rats were used as a model of
metabolic syndrome. SHR/NDmcr-cp
rats are derived from a cross
between the spontaneously
hypertensive rat (SHR) and the obese
Koletsky rat that carries a nonsense
mutation in the leptin receptor. The
obese SHR/NDmcr-cp rats exhibit most
of the abnormalities associated with
metabolic syndrome. Both lean and
obese SHR/NDmcr-cp rats were fed
high-fat diets enriched with either
lard or flax oil for a period of
4-weeks. Metabolic parameters, i.e.
plasma and hepatic lipids, plasma
glucose and oxidative stress were
measured after 4-weeks on the
specified diets. Hepatic expression
of PPAR-α, PPAR-γ and SREBP-1c was
assessed in order to investigate the
possible underlying mechanisms.
Results: Obese rats
exhibited higher body weight, liver
weight, mesenteric fat-, epidydmal
fat- and renal fat- pad weights, and
also triglyceride and cholesterol
concentrations in serum, VLDL, LDL
and HDL fractions when compared to
the lean rats (P < 0.001),
irrespective of the diet. Flax oil
feeding was associated with lower
fasting serum insulin and urinary
TBARS concentrations in the obese
rats compared to the lard-fed obese
rats (P < 0.01). Flax oil-feeding
also revealed a significant
reduction in hepatic triglycerides
and cholesterol concentrations,
reducing fatty liver conditions, in
obese rats compared to lard
fed-obese rats (P < 0.05). In
addition, flax oil-fed obese rats
exhibited significantly higher
hepatic mRNA expression of PPAR-,
which negatively correlated (r =
-0.98, P < 0.05) with their hepatic
lipid levels.
Conclusions: These
novel findings suggest that flax oil
feeding activates PPAR- dependent
pathways to alter the hepatic lipid
metabolism and to increase insulin
sensitivity in the obese SHR/NDmcr-cp
rats. Thus flax oil may elicit
beneficial health effects under
metabolic syndrome conditions via
activating hepatic PPAR-
expression.
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