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15th
World Congress Clinical Nutrition
19th
– 22nd September 2010 El Sokhna Resort - Egypt
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Copyright © 2010.
WCCN2010.COM
All rights reserved |
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Fatty acid transporters and
binding proteins, gene nutrient
interaction, insulin
resistance and liver steatosis
Jurg . Schrezenmeir
C/o Clinical Research Centre, Kiel
Innovation and Technology Centre,
Kiel, Germany
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Various fatty acid transporters and
binding proteins are involved in
lipid uptake, intracellular
trafficking and metabolism. They
differ in localization in tissues:
FABP1 liver and intestine, FABP2 and
6 intestine, FABP3 heart, FABP4
adipose tissue, FATP1 skeletal
muscle and adipose tissue, FATP2 and
5 liver and FATP4 intestine.
Polymorphisms of their genes are
associated with traits of the
metabolic syndrome. FABP2 Ala54Thr
polymorphism is associated with
insulin resistance and diabetes (Baier,
1995), dyslipidemia (Zhao, 2009);
its promoter variant B is associated
with lower promoter activity (Geschonke,
2002), FABP2 expression (Auinger,
2010) and higher postprandial
triglycerides (Helwig, 2006).
Expression was found to be
correlated with dietary n3 fatty
acid intake only in AA homozygotes
and high expression was associated
with low NEFA levels in serum, low
LDL-C and high HDL-C (Auinger,
2010), possibly due to higher
metabolism of fatty acids in the
gut. Since promoter A and B differ
in putative RXR binding sites,
intervention with retinol was done.
Although insulin sensitivity was
significantly increased by retinol
only in BB homozygotes, there was no
statistical difference between the
genotypes (Helwig, 2007).
Carriers of the rare FATP5 promoter
genotype G→A had higher serum GPT
levels, postprandial triglycerides
and lower insulin sensitivity and
accordingly in cases with liver
steatosis the grade of
histologically assessed steatosis
was associated with BMI only in
carriers of genotype A suggesting a
gain of function might have
increased VLDL production (Auinger,
2010).
PPAR, which binds fatty acids and
regulates expression of many of
these genes, shows polymorphisms,
too. PPARy2Pro12Ala polymorphism is
associated with higher insulin
sensitivity, lower diabetes risk and
lower postprandial triglycerides (Helwig,
2007). Administration of CLA reduced
BMI only in Pro12 homozygotes, while
it tended to increase in Ala12
homozygotes (Much, 2009).
Conclusion Variations of fatty acid
binding proteins and transporters
seem to have impact on the response
to nutrients and on the development
of traits of the metabolic syndrome.
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